Sophie Macon 
Note: this cheat sheet is updated for the latest 2025’s curriculum. Derivatives. Perhaps no single word has a greater ability to strike fear in the hearts of CFA candidates. The readings on this topic are replete with graphs, formulas, all of which seem indecipherable, and gratuitous references to Greek letters. However, it doesn’t need to …
As blockchain technology continues to gain traction, the world of finance is witnessing a paradigm shift. Digital assets, once considered a niche domain, are now emerging as a major player in the financial ecosystem. With the rise of cryptocurrencies, blockchain-based marketplaces, and decentralized finance, existing finance professionals and those entering the industry need to be …
Digital assets, driven by blockchain technology, are revolutionizing industries across the board, including finance, art, and technology. To stay competitive in this rapidly evolving landscape, finance professionals must embrace this paradigm shift and seize the immense potential it offers. In response to this, EFFAS has recently launched a unique program designed to equip finance professionals …
The Ethical and Professional Standards section is challenging for most CFA candidates given the more subjective nature of the topic and questions (vs. the rest of the curriculum), and the sheer amount of readings to go through. Regardless whether you’re new to CFA exams or a seasoned CFA Level 3 candidate, CFA Ethics section plays …
The demand for more sustainable, responsible and impact (SRI) investing options is real, even at the retail investor level: This demand for SRI expertise in the financial advisory space has led to the creation of the Chartered SRI CounselorSM designation (CSRIC®), which is developed by College for Financial Planning (CFFP, a Kaplan company) in partnership …
[Updated for May 2024 results. Help our FRM MPS research by submitting your Part 1 and Part 2 results!] Not to be confused with pass rates, GARP does not release FRM minimum passing score information to candidates. We understand GARP’s reasons for doing this, as FRM candidates should aim to acquire the necessary knowledge as …
Note: this cheat sheet is updated for the latest 2024 and 2025’s curriculum. Fixed Income is a central topic in finance, and it increases in importance (topic weight wise) as you advance to CFA Level 3. With so many key concepts to cover, we decided to create our Cheat Sheet series of articles, which focuses …
Congrats on passing Level 1, and welcome to CFA Level 2! Unfortunately, the CFA Level 2 exam is a different beast, with a reputation to be the most challenging exam with the most material to cover. Many candidates failed at this hurdle given the step up in difficulty that is unknown upfront. That’s why we are here: …
Despite more frequent exam slots per year with computer based exams, it still takes 5-7 weeks for CFA Level 1 results to be announced. Combine this with the fact that there needs to be a minimum of ~6 months gap between CFA exams taken, many candidates – in particular CFA Level 2 candidates – find …
Waiting for FRM exam results can be an anxious experience. This isn’t quite helped by the latest vague guidance by Global Association of Risk Professional (GARP): Once an exam window closes, GARP scores the exams in a timely fashion. Candidates are notified when their results are available in their GARP candidate portal. GARP on when …