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The way i see this is when a P/E is given (probably obtained from a mean average of the specific industry) you have to remove the E (your specific firm’s EPS) to get the P (price).
So you’ll know whether the specific company you are researching on is over or undervalued in relative to the industry’s mean P/E as larger firms might have higher NI compared to smaller firms but EPS could be lower due to higher amount of outstanding share.