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I think I have understood the difference between EAR and EAY. EAR is used to capture the effect of more than one compounding per year. EAY annualised a yield to make it comparable to other one year yield.
I have two new questions now though.
1) Why is BEY formula BEY=[(1 + EAY)^1/2] – 1? why do you square the first term? Am I right to say BEY function is to restate any yield with monthly, quarterly or semi-annually compounding into one year yield?
2)How do you know when to use EAY, money market yield and bond equivalent yield?